Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Relation between index finger width and hand width anthropometric measures.
Measures of hand and finger anthropometry are very important for designing many hand held devices as well as understanding anthropometric effects on the operation of such devices. Many historical datasets have measured and recorded gross hand dimensions but do not often record the finer dimensions of the hand such as finger anthropometry. ⋯ In this paper we compare two empirical linear models that predicts index finger width at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint (a finger anthropometric measure) based on hand-width (hand anthropometric measure). This will be especially useful for deriving population measures of finger anthropometry from large historical data sets where only gross hand dimensions are available.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Macroscopic two-pump two-vasculature cardiovascular model to support treatment of acute heart failure.
Comprehensive understanding of hemodynamics remains a challenge even for expert cardiologists, partially due to a lack of an appropriate macroscopic model. We attempted to amend three major problems of Guyton's conceptual model (unknown left atrial pressure, unilateral heart damage, blood redistribution) and developed a comprehensive macroscopic model of hemodynamics that provides quantitative information. ⋯ Pump functions of left and right heart are expressed by an integrated cardiac output curve, and the capacitive function of total vasculature by a venous return surface. The equations for both the cardiac output curve and venous return surface would facilitate precise diagnosis (especially evaluation of blood volume) and choice of appropriate treatments, including application to autopilot systems.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Evaluation of three automatic oxygen therapy control algorithms on ventilated low birth weight neonates.
Neonates with under developed lungs often require oxygen therapy. During the course of oxygen therapy, elevated levels of blood oxygenation, hyperoxemia, must be avoided or the risk of chronic lung disease or retinal damage is increased. ⋯ All 3 automatic control algorithms demonstrated their ability to improve manual oxygen therapy by increasing periods of normoxemia and reducing the need for manual FiO(2) adjustments. Of the three control algorithms, the adaptive model showed the best performance with 0.25 manual adjustments per hour and 73% time spent within target +/- 3% SpO(2).
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Using A-weighting for psychoacoustic active noise control.
Conventional adaptive active noise control (ANC) methods aim to attenuate the acoustic noise over the frequency band of interest indiscriminately using the sound pressure level (SPL) measurement (or the measurement of the residual error variance). However, SPL does not correctly reflect the human perception of attenuated noise due to the frequency selective sensitivity of human hearing system. A-weighting is a commonly used weighting filter for measuring the noise. ⋯ In this paper, we aim to improve the performance of adaptive noise cancellation method from the psychoacoustic point of view by incorporating the A-weighting into the ANC system design. Loudness is used as the psychoacoustic criterion for evaluating the ANC system performance. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
FDA regulation of clinical high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) devices.
In the U. S., medical devices are regulated under the authority of the 1976 Medical Device Amendments to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, with the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Devices and Radiological Health having primary responsibility. The Act defines several regulatory paths to market depending on the complexity of the device and indications for use. ⋯ Pre-clinical testing generally comprises ultrasound power measurements and field characterization, in vitro and in vivo temperature measurements, thermal computational modeling, and demonstrating the accuracy for targeting the region of interest and monitoring treatment progress. Protocols for clinical trials are developed by the device sponsor in conjunction with FDA medical and scientific staff. Currently there are no recognized guidance or standards documents for HIFU testing that could be used in the regulatory review process, but such work is underway within the International Electrotechnical Commission.