Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Respiratory rate detection algorithms by photoplethysmography signal processing.
Photoplethysmography (PPG) offers the clinically meaningful parameters, such as, heart rate, and respiratory rate. In this study, we presented three respiratory signal detection algorithms using photoplethysmography raw data generated from commercial PPG sensor: (1)Min-Max (2)Peak-to-Peak (3)Pulse Shape. As reference signal, nasal sensor signal was acquired simultaneously and compared and analyzed. ⋯ They can be used to detect respiratory rate. But, Pulse Shape algorithm was accurate for subject 4 only. More experimental data is necessary to improve the accuracy and reliability.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Fast prototype of a wireless cardiac rhythm interpretive instrument.
Extended patient monitoring has become increasingly important for detection of cardiac conditions, such as irregularities in the rhythms of the heart, while patient is practicing normal daily activity. This paper presents a design of a single lead wireless cardiac rhythm interpretive instrument that capable of capture the electrocardiogram (ECG) in digital format and transmitted to a remote base-station (i.e. PC) for storage and further interpretation. The design has achieved high quality of ECG and free of interference in the presence of motion.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Imaging of simulated crackle sounds distribution on the chest.
Crackles sounds have been associated with several pulmonary pathologies and diverse algorithms have been proposed for extracting and counting them from the acquired lung sound. These tasks depend among other factors, of the relation between the magnitude of the crackle and the background lung sound. In this work, we explore multivariate signal processing to deal with the tasks and propose a new concept, the discontinuous adventitious sounds imaging. ⋯ In the first case, the AR coefficients feed an artificial neural network (ANN) to classify temporal acoustic information as healthy or sick and; in the second case, a time-variant AR (TVAR) model, obtained by the RLS algorithm, permits to detect changes in the TVAR coefficients to be associated with the number of crackles. For AR-ANN, the ratio of the temporal windows classified as sick to the classified as healthy is used as an index to form the adventitious image, while for TVAR-RLS, an estimation of the number of crackles is obtained to form the corresponding image. The results indicated that fine and coarse crackles could be detected and counted even with very low crackle magnitude so that the formation of a crackle distribution image was consistent.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
EEG spectral changes and onset of burst suppression pattern in propofol/remifentanil anesthesia.
This paper studies how remifentanil, a commonly used intraoperative opioid, affects the relation of the onset of burst suppression pattern (BSP) and the spectral changes of EEG during anesthesia. The onsets of BSP were detected using both manual and the automatic method proposed from the EEGs of twenty-seven patients who had received different amount of remifentanil with the anesthetic. ⋯ The results showed that remifentanil significantly affects the relation of EEG spectral changes and the onset of BSP. The finding is important since the current EEG-based assessment of the depth of anesthesia basically relies on the analysis of the spectral features and BSP.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Target controlled infusion for kids: trials and simulations.
Target controlled infusion (TCI) for Kids is a computer controlled system designed to administer propofol for general anesthesia. A controller establishes infusion rates required to achieve a specified concentration at the drug's effect site (C(e)) by implementing a continuously updated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodymanic model. This manuscript provides an overview of the system's design, preclinical tests, and a clinical pilot study. ⋯ Predicted C(e) values during standard clinical practice, the accuracy of wake-up times predicted by the system, and potential correlations between patient wake-up times, C(e), and state entropy (SE) were assessed. Neither Ce nor SE was a reliable predictor of wake-up time in children, but the small sample size of this study does not fully accommodate the noted variation in children's response to propofol. A C(e) value of 1.9 mug/ml was found to best predict emergence from anesthesia in children.