The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
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The common indications for therapeutic bronchoscopy include relief of benign and malignant airway stenosis, in the intensive care unit, foreign body removal and management of hemoptysis. Debulking of airway tumors may be undertaken using techniques such as laser photoresection, electrocautery, cryotherapy, argon plasma coagulation or mechanically using rigid bronchoscopy. These techniques are often used in combination. ⋯ Certain stent types may also physically prevent (Silicone and covered metallic stents) the encroachment of tumor tissue into the airways. Covered metallic airway stents are safe and effective in the management of malignant tracheoesophageal fistulae, reduce the risk of recurrent aspiration and provide enhanced quality of life by allowing resumption of oral nutrition. In this article, we present an overview of application and the current methods available to perform therapeutic bronchoscopy.