Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Sep 2021
ReviewWhen it is time to decide: factors associated to the choice of a medical specialty.
After finishing their initial education, physicians can enter post-graduate training programs. In Chile, there are multiple medical specialties options. This review synthesizes the factors associated with the choice of specialty, according to international publications. ⋯ Besides, both prestige and economic prospects are influential factors in the choice and specialties such as Surgery are preferred. The choice of specialty must reach a balance between the students' interests and public health needs. Identifying these factors would allow a better understanding of the present shortfall (or surplus) in certain fields and contribute to the definition of policies and decision-making.
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Dermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune chronic blistering disease, considered a skin manifestation of celiac disease. Being both conditions multifactorial, they share some genetic traits and pathogenic mechanisms, which are responsible for the typical skin and gastrointestinal manifestations. ⋯ Diagnosis of celiac disease has progressively increased in recent decades, while clinical manifestations become more and more diverse. Given the current high frequency of skin lesions in celiac patients, in this review we update relevant aspects of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, treatment and follow up of dermatitis herpetiformis, as a contribution to improve the management of both conditions.
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Revista médica de Chile · Sep 2021
Case Reports[Quantitative electroencephalogram for prediction of delayed ischemia in subarachnoid haemorrhage. Report of one case].
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with a mortality rate of 35%. Among patients who survive the initial bleeding, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality is delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Electroencephalography (EEG) can detect cerebral ischemia in the early stages. ⋯ A second MRI was carried out on the eighth day, which showed a left insular infarction and generalized vasospasm. A second therapeutic angiography was performed; the patient persisted with aphasia and left central facial paresis. The quantitative EEG analysis performed retrospectively showed a generalized reduction in the spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95; meaning slowing in the EEG signal) at the fourth day of follow up, three days earlier than the clinical and imaging diagnosis of DCI was established.
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Revista médica de Chile · Sep 2021
Observational Study[Risk factors for adverse drug reactions in patients admitted to intensive care units].
Patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) are at higher risk of having adverse drug reactions (ADR). ⋯ The identified risk factors have a great impact on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, and should be considered to avoid the appearance of ADR.
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Revista médica de Chile · Sep 2021
[Identification of genetic variants associated with familial hypercholesterolemia in Chilean children and adolescents].
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is commonly associated with mutations in-LDL receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). ⋯ Children and adolescents carrying mutations associated with FH were found by selective screening, which constitutes the first stage in the identification of genetic variants in our country.