Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Oct 2004
ReviewCurrent and future treatment strategies for refractory angina.
Patients with refractory angina are not candidates for revascularization and have both class III or IV angina and objective evidence of ischemia despite optimal medical therapy. An estimated 300,000 to 900,000 patients in the United States have refractory angina, and 25,000 to 75,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. ⋯ Results with the noninvasive treatments of enhanced external counterpulsation and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation are provided. Invasive treatment strategies including spinal cord stimulation, transmyocardial revascularization, percutaneous myocardial revascularization, and gene therapy are also reviewed.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Oct 2004
Comparative StudyAssociation of painless acute aortic dissection with increased mortality.
To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with painless acute aortic dissection (AAD). ⋯ Patients with painless AAD had syncope, congestive heart failure, or stroke. Compared with patients who have painful AAD, patients who have painless AAD have higher mortality, especially when AAD is type B.