Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical condition that occurs in approximately 5% to 15% of the population. The pathophysiology of OSA is characterized by repetitive occlusions of the posterior pharynx during sleep that obstruct the airway, followed by oxyhemoglobin desaturation, persistent inspiratory efforts against the occluded airway, and termination by arousal from sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with daytime sleepiness and fatigue, likely due to fragmented sleep from recurrent arousals. ⋯ Obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with enhanced platelet activity and aggregation. Leukocyte adhesion and accumulation on endothelial cells are common in both OSA and atherosclerosis. Clinicians should be aware that OSA may be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Aug 2004
Editorial Comment ReviewTight blood glucose control with insulin in "real-life" intensive care.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Aug 2004
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialEffect of an intensive glucose management protocol on the mortality of critically ill adult patients.
To assess the effect of an intensive glucose management protocol in a heterogeneous population of critically ill adult patients. ⋯ The protocol resulted in significantly improved glycemic control and was associated with decreased mortality, organ dysfunction, and length of stay in the ICU in a heterogeneous population of critically ill adult patients. These results support the adoption of this low-cost intervention as a standard of care for critically ill patients.