Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the excitability of contralateral and ipsilateral corticobulbar pathways, using the methodologies of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES). ⋯ These findings will influence recording of CoMEPs during preoperative and intraoperative mapping of M1 for laryngeal muscle representation, and they facilitate the pathophysiologic research of motor speech disorders.
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To investigate the effects of focal muscle fatigue induced by electromyostimulation (EMS) on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) during arm flexions performed at maximal velocity. ⋯ EMS is widely used in rehabilitation and training programs for its neuromuscular function-related benefits. However and from a motor control viewpoint, the present results show that the use of EMS can lead to acute inaccuracies in predictive motor control. We propose that clinicians should investigate the chronic and global effects of EMS on motor control.
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Comparative Study
Stimulation intensities of transcranial direct current stimulation have to be adjusted in children and adolescents.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor cortex excitability in healthy children and adolescents. ⋯ Thus, the stimulation protocols of the tDCS have to be optimized according to age by planning studies in pediatric population.
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Comparative Study
Experimental pain has a greater effect on single motor unit discharge during force-control than position-control tasks.
When matching target force during pain, single motor unit (SMU) discharge is modified in a manner thought to redistribute load in painful tissue. This adaptation might not be appropriate when maintaining joint posture against an external load. We compared changes in SMU discharge rate of knee extensor muscles in a force-control and a position-control task during pain. ⋯ Simplistic theories of pain adaptation of movement during voluntary efforts cannot be extrapolated to more postural functions. This has implications for understanding movement changes that may underpin persistence/recurrence of pain and the management of musculoskeletal pain.