Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Società italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica / Associazione ricerche in urologia
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Stone disease in children differs in pathogenesis, presentation and in treatment from adults. In recent years, big changes on its management have occurred. We reviewed our experience on upper tract urinary calculi in paediatric age. ⋯ Stone treatment in children is changing dramatically, thanks to progressive transfer of procedures from adult patients and recent advances in miniaturized new technologies. Surgical approach to renal and urinary tract stones in childhood was recently moving from open surgical procedures (nephrolithotomy, ureterolithotomy, cystolithotomy), to less invasive procedures, such as ESWL and endoscopic approaches, as ULT and PCNL. Mini-invasive procedures present high efficacy and safety, also in young children, but require appropriate instrumentation and specific experience.