Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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It is concluded that the current state of forensic medical expertise of civil cases concerning disputable issues, such as causing harm to health in medical practice, does not meet the requirements of the relevant legal procedures.
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The objective of the present study was to analyse the current state of forensic medical expertise of the child injury. The relevant medical documents were used to estimate the quality of forensic medical examinations (surveys) of selected cases of child injuries and the related organizational, strategic, and methodological errors. The most challenging problems facing forensic medical expertise of the child injury are identified and the ways to address them are proposed.
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The author compares the properties (caliber, power, speed) of the firearm projectiles and bullets with the high muzzle energy shot from pneumatic weapons. Results of experimental observations with the use of biological and non-biological objects are presented. The entry and exit wounds in the skin and bones as well as the resulting damage inflicted to the tissues and the character of bullet deformation are described.
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Historical Article
[Forensic medicine as the cradle of toxicology in Russia].
Modern toxicology as a science and educational subject originated from forensic medicine in the middle of the XIXth century. In the beginning, selected toxicological problems were taught in the Emperor's Medical Surgical Academy (presently S. M. ⋯ The works of these researchers predetermined the further development of toxicology in this country, its main purpose being provision of medical aid in case of poisoning and diseases of chemical etiology. Another line of toxicological research became industrial and environmental toxicology having the purpose of hygienic rating and prevention of poisoning. Nevertheless, all aspects of the multifaceted science of toxicology are related to forensic medicine as the cradle in which it originated, evolved, and turned into a self-consistent science.