Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
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Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl · May 2011
Acute kidney injury in intensive care unit: incidence, risk factors and mortality rate.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a risk factor for increased mortality in critically ill patients. To assess the incidence, risk factors and outcome of patients who develop AKI in the intensive care units (ICUs), we retrospectively studied 235 patients admitted to the ICU of Shahid Mohamadi Hospital, Hormozgan, Iran, and compared those who developed AKI and those who did not. There were 31.1% of patients who developed AKI during ICU admission. ⋯ The number of underlying diseases and GCS and APACHE II score on admission were significantly different between the expired and survived patients. We conclude that age, first serum K level and APACHE II score on admission time were powerful independent predictors of developing AKI in ICU patients. The GCS on admission and the presence of two or more underlying diseases accurately predict the mortality in AKI positive ICU patients.
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Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl · May 2011
Case ReportsSevere loin pain following renal biopsy in a high-risk patient: a case report of a rare combination of pseudoaneurysm and arterio-venous fistula.
We report a 50-year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus and hypertension who presented with low-grade fever, anuria and renal failure. He had no prior history of nephropathy and retinopathy. Since anuria persisted, a renal biopsy was performed using automated gun, under ultrasound guidance. ⋯ The only risk factor the patient had at the time of renal biopsy was severe renal failure. Our case suggests that severe loin pain immediately after renal biopsy in a patient with renal failure warrants careful follow-up of hemoglobin and imaging, even if initial imaging is normal. Further fall of hemoglobin necessitates early evaluation with angiogram, which helps in diagnosing the treatable, although rare, complications like pseudoaneurysm and arterio-venous fistula.
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Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl · May 2011
Case ReportsThe Wunderlich's syndrome secondary to massive bilateral angiomyolipomas associated with advanced tuberous sclerosis.
The Wunderlich Syndrome refers to spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage often associated with underlying renal pathology. We report the case of a 23-year-old female with advanced tuberous sclerosis who presented in hypovolemic shock secondary to rupture of one of her massive bilateral angiomyolipomas (AMLs). The patient was able to be managed conservatively and subsequently retained full renal function. A review of the literature with a discussion of types of clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and methods of management of AMLs is included.