Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · Jun 2022
[Chronic tinnitus - Therapeutic aspects, based on the new german guideline].
Chronic tinnitus is a symptom of disturbed auditory perception. More than 90 % of tinnitus patients suffer from hearing loss. Many people experience tinnitus and seek for treatment, but suffering and the actual burden of tinnitus is individually very different, sometimes it disappears after a certain time even without treatment. ⋯ Up to date there is no therapy that can completely switch off tinnitus, mainly because origin and expression of tinnitus is individual and very different. This publication summarizes and evaluates scientific therapeutic approaches for chronic tinnitus. It is based on the newly elaborated S3-Guideline "Chronic Tinnitus", under the lead management of the German Society of ENT, Head and Neck-Surgery, published in 2021.
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · Jun 2022
[Important arboviral diseases in returning travelers: dengue, chikungunya and zika].
Arboviral infections are an important differential diagnosis in returning travelers with fever, muscle or joint pain and rash. Arboviruses have spread widely around the globe in the last decades. The most common arboviral infections in returning travelers from tropical and subtropical areas are dengue, chikungunya and zika. ⋯ Instead, travelers should delay conception for up to three months after returning from a zika endemic area. Dengue, chikungunya and zika vaccine development has been hampered by difficulties, for example antibody-dependent-enhancement or the unpredictability of outbreaks, and up to now no vaccines for travelers have been licensed. Yet several promising vaccine candidates are currently under development.
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Parasites are a diverse group of pathogens; they range from unicellular protozoa (e. g. Giardia lamblia) to tapeworms that can grow several meters long. Parasites have adapted to humans over millions of years and cause a wide, colorful variety of diseases. ⋯ Nonetheless, the diagnosis is often delayed due to lack of experience of attending clinicians with parasitic infections. In this review article we give an overview of the epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis and treatment of some of the most common parasitic infections that are endemic, or regularly imported to Germany. We also discuss current and future challenges in the diagnosis, treatment and control of these pathogens.