Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · Jun 2022
Review[Gastrointestinal motility disorders in critically ill patients].
The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most complex organ systems of the human body. On the one hand, it forms the absorption surface for nutrients, but on the other hand it is also a barrier for toxins, food components and against up to 1014 commensal microorganisms. ⋯ In this article, we review the latest updates on pathogenic relationships of motility disorders and diagnostic algorithms in intensive care patients. In addition to established therapies, new developments in the treatment of hypomotility are outlined.
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The use of red blood cell concentrates must follow the dictates of a rational indication. To further ensure this, the "Cross-Sectional Guidelines for Therapy with Blood Components and Plasma Derivatives" 1 of the German Medical Association, published in 2009 and last revised in part in 2014, were systematically revised in 2020. This article presents them.
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · Jun 2022
[Artificial ulcer with perforating bone defect on the scalp due to repeated - scratching attacks in dementia syndrome].
We report on a 72-year-old demented patient with a palm-sized skin defect on the scalp, who has been manipulating her head several times a day with her fingers but also with sharp objects for many months. ⋯ Due to the lack of evidence of tumorigenesis in a follow-up period of two years, we evaluate the lesion as an artificial ulcer with perforating bone defect caused by repeated scratching attacks in the context of dementia syndrome.
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Malaria remains one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. The annual number of cases is currently estimated at around 240 million globally, of which more than 500,000 cases are fatal. The majority of malaria cases in Europe are imported from the African continent. ⋯ The treatment of choice for severe malaria is parenteral artesunate. For all patients presenting with febrile illness after a stay in a malaria-endemic area malaria must be ruled out immediately. Microscopy of the thick drop remains the gold standard for diagnosis in clinical routine.