ASDC journal of dentistry for children
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparative study of midazolam to meperidine/promethazine as an IM sedative technique for the pediatric dental patient.
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) as an IM sedative agent in the pediatric population as compared to the standard IM meperidine (2.0 mg/kg)/promethazine (1.0 mg/kg) sedation technique. Ten pediatric dental patients, ASA Class I, were evaluated in this double-blind, randomized, crossover study. ⋯ Vital signs, sedation levels, and anxiety levels were evaluated. Midazolam was shown to be safe, but the inferior drug compared to the standard IM meperidine/promethazine sedation technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intranasal administration of midazolam: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and sedative potential.
This study investigated the pharmacodynamic effects and sedative potential of midazolam administered by the intranasal route to adult volunteers. A double-blind, randomized, controlled study was carried out on seventeen healthy, male volunteers to study plasma level changes, sedative effects and variations in vital signs following intranasal administration of 0.2 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg doses of midazolam. Eight subjects received 0.2 mg/kg midazolam, seven received 0.3 mg/kg. ⋯ One instance of severe respiratory depression was observed in the higher dose group. Although both doses of midazolam were effective, no benefit was observed using a dose of 0.3 mg/kg. Indeed, a 0.3 mg/kg intranasal dose of midazolam may actually produce severe respiratory depression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effectiveness of midazolam and hydroxyzine as sedative agents for young pediatric dental patients.
The purpose of the study was to compare hydroxyzine (HYD) and 0.2mg/Kg midazolam (MDZ) as sedative agents for young pediatric dental patients. Twenty-nine healthy two-to-four-year-old children participated in the study. Hydroxyzine was dripped nasally 10 minutes before treatment. ⋯ A significant difference (p < 0.02) was found in the acceptance of the face and nasal masks by children of the midazolam group between the first and second appointments. None of the children of this group cried nor moved at the first visit. The results of the study indicate that midazolam is somewhat more effective than hydroxyzine as a sedative agent for short procedures in young pediatric dental patients.
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Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare heritable disorder of progressive heterotopic ossification leading to joint ankylosis throughout the body. Permanent ankylosis of the jaw may be precipitated by minimal soft tissue trauma, a potentially devastating complication following routine dental care during childhood. Assiduous precautions are necessary in administering dental care to children who have FOP as exemplified in this case report. Routine dental prophylaxis is also necessary in order to minimize the need for invasive procedures.