Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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To develop a modified ultrasound-guided parasacral approach to the sciatic nerve and compare the effects of a volume of 0.2 mL kg-1 of 0.5% levobupivacaine with an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline injected near the sciatic nerve. ⋯ A volume of ≥0.2 mL kg-1 and a concentration of 0.5% levobupivacaine can be recommended when using a modified ultrasound-guided parasacral approach to the sciatic nerve in dogs.
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To describe an ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block and determine the distribution after injection of two volumes of methylene blue in dog cadavers. ⋯ Ultrasound-guided injection at the thoracic paravertebral space resulted in staining of the spinal nerve in all dogs. However, T5 paravertebral space was not accurately identified using anatomic landmarks. Dye distribution was not significantly different between the two groups; therefore, the use of the lower-volume and multiple-site injections would be potentially necessary in clinical cases to achieve ipsilateral blockade of the thoracic wall.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impact of Trendelenburg (head down) and reverse Trendelenburg (head up) position on respiratory and cardiovascular function in anaesthetized horses.
To describe the cardiorespiratory effects of a change in table position in anaesthetized horses. ⋯ Gas exchange is better preserved in HU compared to HD, especially if applied from the start of the anaesthesia.
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Observational Study
Agreement among anesthesiologists regarding postoperative pain assessment in dogs.
To establish evidence for the validity and reliability of three commonly used pain scales in dogs when assessed by video by specialists in anesthesia. ⋯ The preferred use of the VAS and NRS over the use of the GPS should be cautiously considered for research applications when experts are observers. Revisions of the GPS to clarify descriptors and remove or modify items that may not be associated with pain in dogs should be considered.
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To evaluate the effects of an alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM) followed by 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in dogs undergoing laparoscopy. ⋯ In dogs undergoing laparoscopy, ARM followed by 5 cmH2O PEEP improves gas exchange and respiratory system mechanics.