Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
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Rising intracranial pressure (ICP) is a poor prognostic indicator in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Both mannitol and hypertonic sodium solutions are used to treat raised ICP in patients with TBI. ⋯ The evidence shows that both agents effectively lower ICP. There is a trend favouring the use of hypertonic sodium solutions in patients with TBI.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of oral midazolam plus oral ketamine for sedation of children during laceration repair.
To compare the efficacy of oral midazolam alone with a combination of oral midazolam and ketamine in children requiring laceration repair. ⋯ The trial was registered in www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01470157.
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There appears to be a paucity of studies examining the characteristics and impact of frequent users upon emergency medical services (EMS). ⋯ It is unknown to what extent frequent callers impact upon EMS resources. Research should identify predictors and characteristics of frequent users of EMS, and a consistent definition of a frequent caller to or user of EMS would provide greater comparability. The lack of studies identified in this review suggests that further research is needed in order to inform policy and practice.
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A short-cut review was carried out to establish whether prophylactic antiemetic agents reduce the incidence of vomiting in immobilised patients who have suffered trauma. A total of 137 papers were found using the reported searches, of which two presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these papers are tabulated. It is concluded that prophylactic use of antiemetic agents in trauma patients may reduce the likelihood of vomiting some 5-12-fold.
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The purpose of this study was to report interaction patterns among Iranian authors of emergency medicine using social network analysis methodology, focusing on coauthorship network. ⋯ because of Iranian low productivity in the emergency medicine field, social network analysis seems to be a proper option for bibliometrics to identify central authors and detect knowledge structure in this field.