International immunopharmacology
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Int. Immunopharmacol. · May 2019
ReviewChimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and other therapeutics for malignancies: Combination and opportunity.
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy provides possibility for the treatment of malignancies since clinical trials have shown that CAR-T therapy has a significant anti-tumor effect. Although many efforts have been made to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects of CAR-T therapy, there are still many problems to solve. ⋯ Studies have shown that radiotherapy, chemotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy, BTK inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade-based therapy may further enhance the efficacy of CAR-T therapy while CRISPR/Cas9 technology and IL-1 blockade may improve the safety. In this review, we summarized the advantages and the mechanisms of the combination immunotherapy based on CAR-T cell therapy.
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Int. Immunopharmacol. · May 2019
Relation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis and septic shock: A retrospective study.
The purpose of this study was to determine the association of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) measured at the time of admission to intensive unit (ICU) with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis and septic shock. In addition, we investigated whether the NLR affects in-hospital mortality in septic AKI patients. ⋯ NLR, a laboratory variable that is simple, widely available and inexpensive, was associated with the development of septic AKI and may be potential for risk stratification of septic AKI.
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Int. Immunopharmacol. · May 2019
Prognostic value of IFN-γ, sCD163, CCL2 and CXCL10 involved in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is of concern because of its propensity for rapid deterioration and high mortality. Its aetiology and mechanism are still unclear. The aims of this study were to clarify the pathophysiology differences between AE-IPF and stable IPF (S-IPF) by comparing the serum levels of various cytokines and chemokines in the two groups and to identify those involvement in the occurrence of acute exacerbation and associated with mortality. ⋯ Our data demonstrate that serum levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage chemokines are upregulated during acute exacerbations of IPF and that these exacerbations are associated with the serum IFN-γ level. Chemokines and protein such as sCD163, CCL2, and CXCL10 are associated with activation of macrophages and may have a serious impact on overall survival in patients with IPF.