American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias
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Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen · Aug 2016
ReviewA Systematic Review of Metacognitive Differences Between Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia.
Clinicians often have difficulty distinguishing between various forms of dementia to achieve a correct diagnosis. Little research has been done to examine whether awareness of one's cognitive deficits, or metacognitive monitoring, might differ between dementia diagnoses, thereby providing an additional means of differentiating between dementia subtypes. ⋯ Greater monitoring deficits were apparent in frontotemporal dementia than in Alzheimer's disease, and participants with frontotemporal dementia were less likely to utilize task experience to update and improve the accuracy of subsequent monitoring judgments. Results provide evidence for the utility of metacognitive measures as a means of distinguishing between Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.
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Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen · Aug 2015
Review Meta AnalysisMelatonin for sleep disorders and cognition in dementia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
The current review aims to examine melatonin therapy for both sleep disturbances and cognitive function in dementia. We searched all randomized controlled trials published in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group’s Specialized Register, and Clinical Trials.gov. The grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation framework was used to assess the quality of evidence. ⋯ Conversely, cognitive function did not change significantly. Additionally, there was no report of severe adverse events. Given the current studies, we conclude that melatonin therapy may be effective in improving SE and prolonging TST in patients with dementia; however, there is no evidence that this improvement impacts cognitive function.
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Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen · Aug 2015
ApoE type 4 allele affects cognitive function of aged population in Tianjin City, China.
Apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (ApoE∊4) is known as a risk gene for the late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and the relationship between ApoE∊4 and cognitive function of the elderly people has drawn the attention of the scientists. In this study, we investigated the relationship between ApoE∊4 and the cognitive function of the old people. ⋯ The ApoE∊4 primarily influenced the global cognitive function, perceptual speed, and work memory. The results indicate that ApoE∊4 has significant negative effect on the cognitive function of the elderly people who are 60 years and older.
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Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen · Mar 2015
ReviewMelatonin and melatonin agonist for delirium in the elderly patients.
The objective of this review is to summarize the available data on the use of melatonin and melatonin agonist for the prevention and management of delirium in the elderly patients from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search of 5 major databases PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted. This search yielded a total of 2 RCTs for melatonin. ⋯ The search for a melatonin agonist for delirium in the elderly patients yielded 1 study of ramelteon. In this study, ramelteon was found to be beneficial in preventing delirium in medically ill individuals when compared to placebo. Ramelteon was well tolerated in this study.
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Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen · Nov 2014
Review Meta AnalysisAssociation of apolipoprotein E genetic variation in Alzheimer's disease in Indian population: a meta-analysis.
Dementia is an age-related disorder associated with elderly population, resulting from interaction of lifestyle risk factors with genetic, vascular, and other risk factors to affect risk of disease. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, estimated to be affecting 4.4% of the population older than 65 years of age. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele is a known genetic risk factor for AD, which not only predisposes and influences the severity of pathological changes in the brain, thereby modifying the age at onset, but also promotes cognitive decline early in nondemented older people. ⋯ These results indicate that all genotypes of ApoE ε4 allele, that is, ε2/4, ε3/4, and ε4/4, are associated with an increased risk of AD, whereas ApoE ε2/2, ε2/3, and ε3/3 are protective for AD.