Latest Articles
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In this article, we explore the current literature on traumatic brain injury (TBI) in survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and evaluate the barriers to studying this vulnerable population. ⋯ Research on TBI and IPV is limited by multiple factors including mistrust of the healthcare system by survivors, lack of awareness by community advocates, and insufficient funding by public entities. As such, most investigations are small population, retrospective, and qualitative. Quantitative research addressing the scope of TBI in IPV found reported rates ranging from 19 to 100% of survivors experiencing neurological injury at the hands of a violent partner. The principals of trauma-informed healthcare should guide both neurological care for survivors as well as future studies on TBI and IPV, with an emphasis on community-based participatory research.
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Adaptation of the right ventricle is a key determinant of outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite a compelling rationale to develop targeted therapies for the right ventricle in PAH, no such treatments exist. H2-receptor antagonism is a potential myocardial-focused paradigm in heart failure. ⋯ The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03554291).
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Patients with pulmonary subsolid nodules (SSNs) ≤ 2 cm in diameter and a consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) ≤ 0.25 have good postoperative prognoses, but their management remains controversial. ⋯ Patients with SSNs ≤ 2 cm in diameter and CTR ≤ 0.25, watchful waiting could be more appropriate than upfront surgical intervention.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2025
Positive association of large alcohol intake per occasion with vision-threatening severe diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema in Japanese men with type 2 diabetes.
Differing from the overall consumption of alcohol, whether consuming large quantities of alcohol per drinking occasion is associated with higher risk of developing severe diabetic retinopathy remains unknown. ⋯ In addition to the total amount of ethanol, these findings imply the necessity of avoiding the consumption of large amounts of alcohol on a single occasion to prevent severe diabetic retinopathy or DME.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2025
Adverse childhood experiences and adult alcohol use during pregnancy - 41 U.S. jurisdictions, 2019-2023.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are preventable, potentially traumatic events that occur in childhood. Alcohol use during pregnancy can result in miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and a range of lifelong behavioral, intellectual, and physical disabilities in the child. Limited research has examined the relationship between ACEs and alcohol use in pregnancy; available studies might not reflect current trends in this relationship. ⋯ Higher ACE exposure was associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. Steps can be taken to mitigate their potential harms. Clinical and community-level interventions can address ACEs, which might reduce alcohol use during pregnancy.