Articles: analgesics.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA randomized multicenter study of remifentanil compared with alfentanil, isoflurane, or propofol in anesthetized pediatric patients undergoing elective strabismus surgery.
Remifentanil hydrochloride is a new, ultrashort-acting opioid metabolized by nonspecific plasma and tissue esterases. We conducted this multicenter study to examine the hemodynamic response and recovery profile of premedicated children undergoing strabismus repair who were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatment drugs (remifentanil, alfentanil, isoflurane, or propofol) along with nitrous oxide and oxygen for maintenance of anesthesia. Induction of anesthesia was by nitrous oxide, oxygen, and halothane or nitrous oxide, oxygen, and propofol. ⋯ Its hemodynamic and recovery profile appear similar to other comparable drugs. Based on previous pharmacokinetic studies, the 1.0 microgram.kg-1.min-1 infusion may be twice the 50% effective dose observed in adults. In this study, the relative "overdose" of remifentanil was well tolerated and did not prolong recovery.
-
J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1997
Multicenter StudyProspective multicenter evaluation of tramadol exposure.
Tramadol is a novel analgesic possessing both opiate and noradrenergic effects. Its low potential for abuse suggests increasing use, but there are limited data on the toxicity in overdose. ⋯ This study suggests significant neurologic toxicity from tramadol overdose. Serious cardiovascular toxicity was not seen.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Studies to assess if pizotifen prophylaxis improves migraine beyond the benefit offered by acute sumatriptan therapy alone.
Two multi-centre studies-one double-blind, placebo-controlled (study 1) and one open (study 2)-were set up to assess if pizotifen prophylaxis improved migraine beyond the benefit offered by acute sumatriptan therapy alone. Eighty-eight patients completed the blinded study and 63 patients completed the open study. Both studies were of crossover design with patients undertaking a 4 week run-in period prior to a 12-week treatment period. ⋯ In these studies, where the average number of migraine attacks was around 4 per month, the benefits conferred by pizotifen were at the expense of the adverse events associated with the drug, particularly weight gain. Therefore the clinical benefit of treatment with pizotifen for patients who have less than 4 attacks per month should be carefully reviewed as acute treatment with sumatriptan may be the most appropriate treatment. Pizotifen may be better reserved for those patients who have 4 of more attacks per month.
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEvaluation of ibuprofen versus aspirin and paracetamol on efficacy and comfort in children with fever.
We compared efficacy and impact on the comfort of ibuprofen (7.5 mg/kg per dose), aspirin (10 mg/kg/dose) and paracetamol (10 mg/kg per dose) on children with fever aged 6-24 months in an open, randomised study with three parallel groups. ⋯ The efficacy of ibuprofen was better than that of aspirin or paracetamol. In spite of more adverse events, the comfort scores were significantly in favour of ibuprofen 6 h after the first dose of treatment.
-
Fortschritte der Medizin · Dec 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Flupirtine in comparison with chlormezanone in chronic musculoskeletal back pain. Results of a multicenter randomized double-blind study].
The analgesic and muscle-relaxing properties of flupirtine maleate, chlormezanone and placebo were compared in a total of 184 patients. Of these patients, 164 met the criteria of the treatment plan (intention to treat), and the data of 140 patients were finally evaluated in accordance with the test protocol. A positive response was defined as a reduction in pain intensity and muscle tension by 2 categories on the 5-category verbal scale "very severe/severe/moderate/mild/ none" on the seventh day of treatment. ⋯ In the per-protocol-analysis the responder rate was 60.9% for flupirtine, 47.8% for chlormezanone, and 43.8% for placebo, the difference between drugs and placebo not being significant. The overall assessment of the physicians involved was very good/ good in 47.8% and satisfactory in 37.0% of the flupirtine group, very good/good in 45.6% and satisfactory in 17.4% of the chlormezanone group, the corresponding figures for the placebo group being 33.4% and 20.6%, respectively. Flupirtine was thus superior to placebo (p = 0.007). The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 14.8% (8/54) for flupirtine, 19.3% (11/57) for chlormezanone, and 7.3% (4/55) for placebo.