Articles: analgesics.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Pain relief in the post-operative period: a comparative trial of morphine and a new analgesic buprenorphine.
In a comparative trial, buprenorphine 0-3 mg or morphine 10 mg was administered intramuscularly to patients post-operatively. The new drug buprenorphine produced more pain relief than morphine and appeared to have a longer duration of action. The side-effects produced by the two drugs were similar, as were the effect on respiratory and cardiovascular measurements.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Analgesia following oral surgery for day patients: a clincial comparison of two analgesics.
A single-blind, between-patient study was carried out in 167 patients following oral surgery to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of two combination analgesic preparations; pentazocine (15 mg) plus paracetamol (500 mg) and dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride (32.5 mg) plus paracetamol (325 mg). Assessments of pain and pain relief were made over two periods, initially over the 90 minute period following administration of either preparation and secondly, over the subsequent 3 days following discharge. At the hospital, those patients receiving pentazocine plus paracetamol achieved a greater relief of pain than those receiving dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol, though the differences did not reach statistical significance. At home, pain relief was very similar for both groups of patients, both preparations being effective and well tolerated.
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J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. · Nov 1976
Comparative StudyInteractions between narcotic analgesics and benzodiazepine derivatives on behavior in the mouse.
Interactions between the benzodiazepine derivatives, diazepam and oxazepam, and the narcotic analgesics, morphine and methadone, were evaluated on locomotor activity and in the tail-flick and hot-plate tests for analgesia in the mouse. The dose-related stimulation of locomotor activity by morphine was reduced by diazepam and oxazepam at doses which alone had no effect on locomotor activity. However, only oxazepam reduced the dose-related stimulation of locomotor activity by methadone. ⋯ In contrast to the results on locomotor activity, neither of these benzodiazepines significantly modified the dose-response curves of morphine or methadone in either test for analgesia. The mechanisms involved in the observed interactions on locomotor activity may be related to the influences of benzodiazepines and narcotic analgesics on motor efferent pathways summating in such a manner as to interfere with the ability of the mice to locomote. The present results demonstrate that prominent interactions occur between members of the benzodiazepine and narcotic analgesic classes; these interactions are dependent upon both the specific combination of drugs administered and upon the test procedure.
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The adult population of a small Victorian town was interviewed for current analgesic consumption and the replies were validated by urine testing. One thousand four hundred and fifty-six subjects were ranked by stated analgesic consumption, and the 50 highest consumers matched for age and sex with non-consumers. Early morning urine specimens were collected and no significant difference in osmolality or white cell excretion rates was found between the two groups. It was concluded that the absolute risk of renal impairment on chronic analgesic consumers is low, and that patients on therapeutic regimens, including analgesics, may be reassured that any risk is minimal.