Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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Comparative Study
Intravenous acetaminophen does not have an opioid sparing effect in Emergency Department patients with painful conditions.
Pain in the Emergency Department is common and is frequently treated with opioids. Due to the opioid epidemic, it is clinically helpful to decrease opioid usage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate opioid requirement in Emergency Department patients with painful conditions who receive intravenous acetaminophen. ⋯ The additional use of intravenous acetaminophen did not decrease opioid requirement in adult patients with acute pain during Emergency Department stay. There was a trend towards decreased opioid requirement during 24 h after discharge.
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Chronic low back pain (CLBP) incurs huge costs owing to increased healthcare expenditure, disability, insurance, and work absenteeism. Opioid analgesics are commonly used for the management of CLBP. ⋯ Oxymorphone has an advantage over other opioids to reduce pain by 30% and 50% in patients with CLBP.
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Few studies all based on classical surveys have provided prevalence estimates of chronic pain (CP) in opioid-maintained patients (OMPs) but often had a limited patient sample size and a great variability in the prevalence estimates. This study sought to assess the prevalence of CP in the exhaustive population of OMPs using the capture-recapture method applied to the French nationwide health care database. Capture-recapture methods are increasingly used to estimate the prevalence of chronic conditions but have never been used in the specific context of CP in OMPs. ⋯ Most patients were male (67%) in OMPs and non-OMPs; median ages for OMPs and non-OMPs were 46 (interquartile range: 38-51) and 48 (41-53) years, respectively. The CP prevalence estimated in OMPs and non-OMPs ranged from 23.6% (14.9-46.2) to 32.1% (28.6-36.3) and from 7.28% (3.98-18.4) to 9.32% (7.42-12.1), respectively. This first study on CP in the exhaustive population of OMPs using the capture-recapture method demonstrated a high prevalence of CP in OMPs, 3- to 4-fold than in the general population.
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Journal of women's health · Jan 2021
Prescription Opioids and Patient Sex: A National Cross-Sectional Study.
Background: Surveillance data suggest that women are prescribed more opioid analgesics than men. It remains unclear whether these sex-related differences solely reflect the associations with other characteristics more prevalent among women (e.g., adverse socioeconomic and health status-related factors, and more contact with the health system). Materials and Methods: We examined the factors associated with opioid prescriptions and sex in a large, nationally representative U. ⋯ Conclusions: In this nationally representative sample, women received higher rates of prescription opioids, consistent with prior surveillance data. However, this relationship was attenuated with adjustment for sociodemographic and health status-related factors, and nonsignificant with adjustment for higher rates of nonnarcotic prescriptions among women. Higher opioid prescription rates in women may simply be reflective of these other factors, and the overall greater use of health care among women.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Jan 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized trial of methadone treatment of arrestees: 24-month post-release outcomes.
We report on the 24-month post-release outcomes of arrestees with opioid use disorder (OUD) enrolled in a randomized trial comparing three treatment approaches initiated in jail. ⋯ ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02334215.