Articles: disease.
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Patent foramen ovale, a common congenital atrial septal defect, may lead to cardiac right-to-left shunting (RLS), which has been associated with various diseases. Reliable techniques for detecting RLS are essential for diagnosis and assist with treatment decision-making. Contrast transcranial Doppler (c-TCD), contrast transthoracic echocardiography (c-TTE), and contrast transesophageal echocardiography can be used to detect RLS. ⋯ Among the 66 patients who were double-RLS-positive (both c-TTE and c-TCD showed positive results), as detected by the synchronous test, 26 (39.3%) patients who underwent c-TTE alone had higher shunt grades detected than those who underwent c-TCD alone. Conversely, 5 (7.6%) patients who underwent c-TCD alone had higher shunt grades detected than those who underwent c-TTE alone (P = .000). Synchronous c-TCD and c-TTE testing can significantly improve the detection rate, accuracy, and test process efficacy for quantifying RLS, and reduce the testing risk, workload, and medical costs.
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Internal medicine journal · Jun 2023
Predictors and Outcomes of Dose Reduction of Methotrexate and Cyclosporin Graft-Versus-Host-Disease Prophylaxis Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Cell Transplantation.
Concern regarding dose-related toxicities of methotrexate (MTX) and cyclosporin (CYA) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis occasionally leads to dose alterations post allogeneic haemopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT). ⋯ Our findings suggest dose alteration in MTX and CYA GVHD prophylaxis is associated with adverse survival outcomes in alloHCT, without a significant impact on GVHD rates.