Articles: disease.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Feb 2023
Applicability of shear wave elastography for lacrimal gland evaluation in primary Sjögren's syndrome.
Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that mainly affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to their progressive destruction. ⋯ SWE of the lacrimal glands is a noninvasive, quantitative method that seems to be a reliable additional examination tool to support the diagnosis of pSS. Its role among the functional tests has not yet been well defined. To confirm the usefulness of SWE for pSS diagnosis, a standardized and widely accepted study protocol should be defined first.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Feb 2023
Iron status in chronic inflammatory disease: therapeutic implications.
Anemia of inflammation (AI) is a very frequent clinical condition affecting globally more than a billion people with chronic inflammatory disorders, such as chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is usually associated with iron deficiency (ID), which imposes a severe additional burden on the recovery from the primary disease. The pathophysiology of iron dysregulation that may ultimately lead to absolute iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during inflammation is multifactorial and includes reduced iron absorption in the bowel, iron retention in macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system, reduction in circulatory half‑life of erythrocytes, inadequate production and activity of erythropoietin, and impaired proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. ⋯ Instead, intravenous iron preparations are a valuable option for patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, as they overcome reduced bowel absorption. Novel therapeutic approaches include downregulation of hepcidin synthesis and function, and stabilization of the hypoxia‑inducible factor via inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain. Several studies in vitro and in vivo are ongoing; however, the results in humans are still elusive.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Feb 2023
Associations of ANGPTL6, DOCK6, FABP1, and PCSK9 single nucleotide variants and hypercholesterolemia in the Polish population: a cross-sectional study.
Hypercholesterolemia is a chronic noncommunicable disease predisposing to cardiovascular diseases. Genome‑wide association studies have shown that more than 500 common nucleotide variants are associated with dyslipidemia. ⋯ FABP1 rs2919872 and ANGPTL6 rs8112063 are associated with a risk of hypercholesterolemia in the Polish population.