Articles: child.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Psychoeducational preparation of children for surgery: the importance of parental involvement.
To examine the effects of therapeutic play intervention on outcomes of children undergoing day surgery, and to highlight the importance of parental involvement in the psychoeducational preparation of children for surgery. ⋯ The findings heighten the awareness of the importance of integrating therapeutic play and parental involvement as essential components of holistic and quality nursing care to prepare children for surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Creating opportunities for parent empowerment: program effects on the mental health/coping outcomes of critically ill young children and their mothers.
Increasing numbers of children in the United States (ie, approximately 200 children per 100,000 population) require intensive care annually, because of advances in pediatric therapeutic techniques and a changing spectrum of pediatric disease. These children are especially vulnerable to a multitude of short- and long-term negative emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes, including a higher risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a greater need for psychiatric treatment, compared with matched hospitalized children who do not require intensive care. In addition, the parents of these children are at risk for the development of PTSD, as well as other negative emotional outcomes (eg, depression and anxiety disorders). There has been little research conducted to systematically determine the effects of interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for critically ill children and their parents, despite recognition of the adverse effects of critical care hospitalization on the nonphysiologic well-being of patients and their families. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a preventive educational-behavioral intervention program, the Creating Opportunities for Parent Empowerment (COPE) program, initiated early in the intensive care unit hospitalization on the mental health/psychosocial outcomes of critically ill young children and their mothers. ⋯ The findings of this study indicated that mothers who received the COPE program experienced improved maternal functional and emotional coping outcomes, which resulted in significantly fewer child adjustment problems, in comparison with the control group. With the increasing prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and externalizing problems among children and the documented lack of mental health screening and early intervention services for children in this country, the COPE intervention could help protect this high-risk population of children from developing these troublesome problems. As a result, the mental health status of children after critical care hospitalization could be improved. With routine provision of the COPE program in PICUs throughout the country, family burdens and costs associated with the mental health treatment of these problems might be substantially reduced.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialHip-Hop to Health Jr., an obesity prevention program for minority preschool children: baseline characteristics of participants.
The prevalence of obesity in the United States is a significant public health problem. Many obesity-related risk factors are more prevalent in minority populations. Given the recalcitrant nature of weight loss interventions for adults, prevention of overweight and obesity has become a high priority. The present study reports baseline data from an obesity prevention intervention developed for minority preschool children. ⋯ The development of interventions to effectively prevent or control obesity early in life is crucial. These data highlight the escalating problem of weight control in minority populations.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Jan 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialUsing a children's book to prepare children and parents for elective ENT surgery: results of a randomized clinical trial.
We evaluated the effects of surgery preparation using a children's book on pre- and postoperative anxiety and distress in 2-10 years old children undergoing tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy and their mothers. ⋯ The results demonstrated that our preparation book can provide educational and anxiety-reducing benefits. Given the relatively low production costs and its easy administration, it can be recommended as a popular, practical and cost-efficient tool to prepare children and parents for surgery and hospitalization.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Watch needle, watch TV: Audiovisual distraction in preschool immunization.
To evaluate the effectiveness of audiovisual distraction compared with a blank TV screen in the reduction of pain associated with intramuscular immunization. ⋯ Watching cartoons did not distract children during needle injection nor reduce their pain. Looking at the TV screen was related to lower behavioral pain scores in the total sample.