Articles: low-back-pain.
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J Manipulative Physiol Ther · Nov 2000
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialMechanical force spinal manipulation increases trunk muscle strength assessed by electromyography: a comparative clinical trial.
The objective of this study was to determine whether mechanical force, manually-assisted (MFMA) spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) affects paraspinal muscle strength as assessed through use of surface electromyography (sEMG). ⋯ The results of this preliminary clinical trial demonstrated that MFMA SMT results in a significant increase in sEMG erector spinae isometric MVC muscle output. These findings indicate that altered muscle function may be a potential short-term therapeutic effect of MFMA SMT, and they form a basis for a randomized, controlled clinical trial to further investigate acute and long-term changes in low back function.
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Psychology & health · Nov 2000
Are fear-avoidance beliefs related to the inception of an episode of back pain? A prospective study.
Abstract Fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing have been implicated in chronic pain and theoretical models have been developed that feature these factor in the transition from acute to chronic pain. However, little has been done to determine whether these factors occur in the general population or whether they arc associated with the inception of an episode of neck or back pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the effects of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing on the development of an episode of self-reported pain and associated physical functioning. ⋯ These data indicate that fear-avoidance beliefs may be involved at a very early pint in the development of pain and associated activity problems in people with back pain. Theoretically. our results support the idea that fear-avoidance beliefs may develop in an interaction with the experience of pain. Clinically, the results suggest that catastrophizing and particularly fear-avoidance beliefs are important in the development of a pain problem and might be of use in screening procedures.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2000
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialThe effect of exercise on percentile rank aerobic capacity, pain, and self-rated disability in patients with chronic low-back pain: a retrospective chart review.
To determine the effect of 6 weeks of exercise on aerobic capacity and on measures of pain and disability in patients with chronic low-back pain (LBP). ⋯ This study supports the hypothesis that exercise may be helpful in the management of chronic LBP.
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Low back pain is a common problem, affecting approximately two-thirds of the adult population. Of these individuals, a significant percentage will exhibit symptoms of radicular pain or sciatica. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of one systemic (2 mg/kg) or intrathecal (0.2 mg/kg) dose of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (SC-236) in decreasing existing mechanical allodynia in a rat model of radiculopathy. ⋯ The intrathecal drug route of administration produced greater attenuation in allodynia than the systemic dose, supporting a central mechanism of action of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (p = 0.002). The hypothesis that cyclooxygenase-2 is involved in spinal nociceptive processing after a nerve root injury was supported by this study. In addition, these data support continued basic science research to further elucidate central inflammatory processes that follow nerve root injury.
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The communication between radiologists and their surgical colleagues is particularly important in the setting of back pain. This common disorder often does not have a definable cause, even when the imaging findings are abnormal. ⋯ Unfortunately, little standardization in the terminology for and management of back pain syndromes exists. This article elucidates the approaches to problems of back pain used in one clinical setting.