Articles: chronic-pain.
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Comparative Study
The association between pain and measures of well-being among nursing home residents.
To determine the extent to which pain is associated with well-being indices among nursing home residents. ⋯ In nursing home residents, pain is highly prevalent and affects measures of well-being. Initiatives to recognize and appropriately treat pain may lead to increased measures of well-being.
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Expert Rev Neurother · May 2012
ReviewIdentification and management of pain medication abuse and misuse: current state and future directions.
Long-term opioid therapy poses a risk for abuse and misuse in some patients. Identifying which patients may potentially be at risk prior to initiation of therapy, and identifying patients in whom these problems develop during therapy, are significant challenges. ⋯ Moreover, these tools may not be addressing the underlying alterations in biological pathways that occur owing to the development of chronic pain or in response to chronic opioid administration. An evidence-based algorithmic approach to risk mitigation that can be applied in a cost-effective manner to guide therapy is urgently needed.
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SUMMARY The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain has stimulated extensive research and the development of a variety of interventions focused on reducing pain-related fear, avoidance behavior and functional disability in individuals with chronic pain. Although there is considerable evidence supporting the model, oversight of potentially important factors and inconsistent findings regarding postulated pathways have led to proposed model revisions. ⋯ Additional evaluation using structural equation modeling may lead to a formulation of the fear-avoidance model that balances parsimony with heuristic value. Clinical implications and areas for future research are discussed.
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The primary objectives of the current study were to 1) confirm the three-factor model of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) items in a Japanese sample and 2) identify the catastrophizing subdomain(s) most closely associated with measures of pain and functioning in a sample of individuals with chronic pain. ⋯ The findings support the cross-cultural generalizability of the three-factor structure of the PCS and indicate that the PCS-assessed catastrophizing subdomains provide greater explanatory power than the PCS total score for understanding pain-related functioning.
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J Manipulative Physiol Ther · May 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialLumbar lordosis rehabilitation for pain and lumbar segmental motion in chronic mechanical low back pain: a randomized trial.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lumbar extension traction with stretching and infrared radiation compared with stretching and infrared radiation alone on the lumbar curve, pain, and intervertebral movements of patients with chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP). ⋯ Lumbar extension traction with stretching exercises and infrared radiation was superior to stretching exercises and infrared radiation alone for improving the sagittal lumbar curve, pain, and intervertebral movement in CMLBP.