Articles: coronavirus.
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A severe public health crisis has been declared worldwide since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was classified as a pandemic of acute respiratory infectious disease by the World Health Organisation (WHO). China has taken strict measures to curb the spread of the disease to save lives, and has managed to control the outbreak. ⋯ Nosocomial infection prevention and control concepts and measures relating to dental diagnosis and treatment are critically checked in the hospital. Our experiences in handling this situation are shared here and may have wide-ranging implications for infection prevention and control (IPC) for COVID-19 in dental practices worldwide.
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Front Public Health · Jan 2020
Awareness and Preparedness of COVID-19 Outbreak Among Healthcare Workers and Other Residents of South-West Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a "pandemic" by the World Health Organization (WHO) in early March 2020. Globally, extraordinary measures are being adopted to combat the formidable spread of the ongoing outbreak. Under such conditions, people's adherence to preventive measures is greatly affected by their awareness of the disease. ⋯ Conclusion: As the global threat of COVID-19 continues to emerge, it is critical to improve the awareness and preparedness of the targeted community members, especially the less educated ones. Educational interventions are urgently needed to reach the targeted residents beyond borders and further measures are warranted. The outcome of this study highlighted a growing need for the adoption of innovative local strategies to improve awareness in general population related to COVID-19 and its preventative practices in order to meet its elimination goals.
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Front Public Health · Jan 2020
Variation in COVID-19 Diagnosis by Zip Code and Race and Ethnicity in Indiana.
Objectives: To describe variations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis by zip code race and ethnicity in Indiana. Methods: Cross-sectional evaluation of subjects with SARS-CoV-2 at Indiana University Health. We performed two separate analyses, first evaluating likelihood of COVID-19 diagnosis by race (Caucasian, African American, Asian, or other) and ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) in the cohort encompassing the entire state of Indiana. ⋯ Increased COVID-19 cases per 10,000 persons were seen in zip codes with higher percentage of African American (median infection rate of 17.4 per 10,000 population in zip codes above median % African American compared to 6.7 per 10,000 population in zip codes below median % African American, with an overall median infection rate 9.9 per 10,000 population, P < 0.0001) or Hispanic residents (median infection rate of 15.9 per 10,000 population in zip codes above median % Hispanic compared to 7.0 per 10,000 population in zip codes below median % Hispanic, overall median infection rate 9.6 per 10,000 population, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Individuals from zip codes with higher percentages of African American, Hispanic, foreign-born, and/or residents living in poverty are disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Urgent work is needed to understand and address the disproportionate burden of COVID-19 in minority communities and when economic disparities are present.
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Eur J Case Rep Intern Med · Jan 2020
False-Negative Nasopharyngeal Swab RT-PCR Assays in Typical COVID-19: Role of Ultra-low-dose Chest CT and Bronchoscopy in Diagnosis.
On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared COVID-19 a pandemic and global health emergency. We describe the clinical features and role of ultra-low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In our patient, who was highly suggestive clinically and radiologically for COVID-19, we had two false-negative results for nasopharyngeal and oral swab reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Eventually, we confirmed the diagnosis using bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).
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On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) upgraded the status of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak from epidemic to a global pandemic. This infection is caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. ⋯ This review describes the currently available testing approaches, as well as the available test assays including the Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 test (takes ~45 min) and Abbott ID COVID-19 test (5 min) as easy to use point-of-care tests for diagnosis of novel COVID-19 that have so far received the US Food and Drug Administration emergency use authorizations clearance. This review is correct as of the date published and will be updated as more diagnostic tests come to light.