Articles: chronic.
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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is known to result in chronic somatic, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. Depression is commonly reported among individuals suffering from persistent concussion symptoms; however, the underlying mechanisms are not understood. The glutamatergic system has recently been linked with mTBI and depression due to reports of similar changes in expression of glutamatergic proteins. ⋯ Linear regression was performed to evaluate relationships between behavioral and molecular variables; the results suggested that injury affects these relationships in a region-dependent manner. Together, these results suggest that the development of chronic depression-like behavior was associated with changes in glutamatergic protein expression. Deeper investigations into how injury influences glutamatergic synaptic protein expression are needed, as this has the potential to affect circuit-level neurotransmission that drives depression-like behavior following mTBI.
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Advancements in clinical science have shown the necessity for a paradigm shift away from a biomedical toward a biopsychosocial approach. Yet, the translation from clinical science into clinical practice is challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the short-term and mid-term changes in pain knowledge and attitudes and guideline-adherent recommendations of healthcare professionals (HCP) by means of an interdisciplinary training program (ITP) about chronic pain. ⋯ The knowledge and attitudes about pain scores improved at post-training (Δ = 9.04, 95% confidence interval 7.72-10.36) and at 6-month follow-up (Δ = 7.16, 95% confidence interval 5.73-8.59). After the training program, HCPs provided significantly more recommendations in accordance with clinical guidelines. Thus, an ITP can improve the biopsychosocial perspective of chronic pain management among HCPs in the short-term and mid-term.
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While the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in medicine has been significant, their application to acute and chronic pain management has not been well characterized. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the current state of AI in acute and chronic pain management. ⋯ This review characterizes current applications of AI for pain management and discusses barriers to their clinical integration. Our findings support continuing efforts directed towards establishing comprehensive systems that integrate AI throughout the patient care continuum.