Articles: covid-19.
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Leaving before medically advised (BMA) is a significant issue in the US healthcare system, leading to adverse health outcomes and increased costs. Despite previous research, multi-year studies using up-to-date nationwide emergency department (ED) data, are limited. This study examines factors associated with leaving BMA from EDs and trends over time, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. ⋯ In this study, several demographics, socio-economic, and clinical characteristics were associated with higher incidences of leaving ED BMA. The COVID-19 pandemic also exacerbated BMA rates. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve patient-provider communication and ED triage efficiency, especially in resource-constrained facilities serving lower-income individuals.
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Croatian medical journal · Dec 2024
ReviewNew-onset refractory status epilepticus after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review of literature.
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affects the respiratory system, neurological symptoms were reported both during acute and post-acute COVID-19. Notably, patients with no history of epilepsy or other neurological conditions developed new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) weeks, months, or even up to a year following the viral infection. ⋯ This article compiles comprehensive information on the mechanisms of epileptogenesis linked to SARS-CoV-2, the diagnosis of NORSE syndrome, its treatment options, and associated outcomes. Our aim was to enhance physicians' understanding of the virus's pathogenesis and increase the awareness of NORSE.
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Croatian medical journal · Dec 2024
Alcohol use among Croatian adolescents: the alignment of 13-year-old and 15-year-old girls with boys, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
To determine age and gender patterns of alcohol use among Croatian pupils and assess whether alcohol use was associated with factors related to school, peers, family, and the COVID-19 pandemic. ⋯ Preventive activities should offer support systems to minimize the negative COVID-19 impact, with special attention to girls' needs.
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Croatian medical journal · Dec 2024
Lung long distance: histopathological changes in lung tissue after COVID-19 pneumonia.
To investigate histopathological changes in the lung tissue of long-COVID patients. ⋯ Our study observed a slow recovery of lung tissue with long-lasting DAD and VA, likely followed by interstitial inflammation or focal fibrosis. These findings might be the underlying cause of the slow recovery of long-COVID patients.
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COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, presents with varying severity among individuals. Both viral and host factors can influence the severity of acute and chronic COVID-19, with chronic COVID-19 commonly referred to as long COVID. SARS-CoV-2 infection can be properly diagnosed by performing real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis of nasal swab samples. Pulse oximetry, chest X-ray, and complete blood count (CBC) analysis can be used to assess the condition of the patient to ensure that the appropriate medical care is delivered. This study aimed to develop biosignatures that can be used to distinguish between patients who are likely to develop severe disease and require hospitalization from patients who can be safely monitored in less intensive settings. ⋯ We successfully developed and validated a biosignature model of COVID-19 severe disease in virologically confirmed patients. The identified genomic variants provide new insights for infectious disease research and medical care.