Articles: pain-management.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jun 2023
Daring discourse: economics of neuromodulation for the treatment of persistent spinal pain syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome.
The treatment options for patients with chronic pain conditions are impacted by recent research, patient needs, and insurance coverage. Although various factors affect the cost of healthcare, the economic burden on the patient and the healthcare system must be considered when choosing the appropriate treatments for each patient. This Daring Discourse aims to review and further clarify existing economic evaluations and thus examine cost-effectiveness with regards to neuromodulation for the treatment of persistent spinal pain syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome. Specific consideration is given to spinal cord stimulation, as it is a widely studied and implemented neuromodulation modality for the treatment of these debilitating conditions.
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Immune-related adverse events are occasionally reported in Sintilimab treatment. This study reports a forward and reverse swelling case along the vein after infusion of Sintilimab. At present, swelling along the vascular direction during peripheral infusion are limitedly reported at home and abroad, especially when choosing a vein with thick, elastic, and good blood return. ⋯ The side effects of immunotherapy may accumulate over time. Early identification and appropriate nursing management are the keys to minimizing patients' pain and anxiety. To effectively treat symptoms, nurses could benefit from quickly identifying the source of swelling.
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Dante Alighieri died in 1321; therefore, 2021 is the 700th anniversary of his death. His best known work is the Divine Comedy, which explores Dante's journey through the three realms of the underworld. ⋯ Music has both direct and indirect benefits and can help with coping. Sunlight promotes well-being and self-awareness.