Articles: respiratory-distress-syndrome.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · Jun 1996
Review[Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pathogenesis and therapy of acute pulmonary failure].
Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the pulmonary response to systemic inflammation precipitated by local or systemic tissue hypoxia, or ischaemia and reperfusion. ARDS is a dynamic, pathological process with a multifactorial etiology. The main clinical manifestations of ARDS are dyspnoea, non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, and hypoxia due to increased pulmonary capillary permeability, pulmonary vasoconstriction and diminished pulmonary vascular reactivity. ⋯ For treatment of pulmonary hypertension nitric oxide is useful. Change of position and inhalation with beta2-agonists are therapeutic possibilities. Steroids may be of benefit in the late proliferative phase of ARDS.
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Intensive care medicine · Jun 1996
Meta AnalysisThe acute respiratory distress syndrome: definitions, severity and clinical outcome. An analysis of 101 clinical investigations.
To determine possible changes in outcome from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to compare severity of lung injury and methods of treatment from 1967 to 1994. ⋯ The mortality of ARDS patients remained constant throughout the period studied. Therefore, the standard for outcome in ARDS should be a mortality in the 50% range. Neither PaO2/FIO2 ratio nor lung injury score was a reliable predictor for outcome in ARDS. Patients might benefit from pressure-limited ventilatory support, as well as extracorporeal lung assist. Since crucial data were missing in most clinical studies, thus preventing direct comparison, we emphasize the importance of using standardized definitions and study entry criteria.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1996
Comparative StudyEvaluation of gas exchange, pulmonary compliance, and lung injury during total and partial liquid ventilation in the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
To investigate whether pulmonary compliance and gas exchange will be sustained during "total" perfluorocarbon liquid ventilation followed by "partial" perfluorocarbon liquid ventilation when compared with gas ventilation in the setting of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ⋯ In a model of severe ARDS, pulmonary gas exchange is improved during total followed by partial liquid ventilation. Pulmonary compliance is improved during total, but not during partial liquid ventilation. Total followed by partial liquid ventilation was associated with a reduction in alveolar hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and lung inflammatory infiltration.
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Intensive care medicine · Jun 1996
Case ReportsSurfactant replacement therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome from viral pneumonia.
A modified natural surfactant was administered to a patient with life-threatening adult respiratory distress syndrome caused by viral pneumonia. Subsequently, there was a marked improvement in gas exchange. ⋯ Quantitative analysis of the scans taken before and after surfactant administration indicates that improvement in gas exchange was largely due to the expansion of underinflated and collapsed lung areas. Although this is a single case report, it provides insight into the possible beneficial effect of instilled surfactant in severe respiratory distress from viral pneumonia.