Abnormal activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) is observed in obese rodents and is correlated with local dysbiosis and increased gut permeability. These purported changes trigger systemic inflammation associated with obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is an effective treatment for severe obesity and known to induce changes in the gut microbiota and decrease systemic inflammation in humans. This study examined the intestinal expression of TLR-encoding genes in obese women (n = 20) treated with RYGB surgery and the relationship of these genes with T2D remission (T2Dr METHODS: Intestinal biopsies were performed before and 3 months after RYGB surgery. Partial and complete T2Dr after 1 year was assessed using the American Diabetes Association criteria. Affymetrix Human GeneChip 1.0 ST array (microarray) and TaqMan assay (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) were used to analyze intestinal gene expression, and associations with systemic markers of energy homeostasis were examined. ⋯ RYGB-induced weight loss-independent changes in the expression of intestinal TLR-encoding genes in obese women and complete T2Dr that was correlated with systemic markers of energy homeostasis. The modulation of intestinal TLRs may mediate inflammatory mechanisms linked to T2Dr after RYGB surgery.
Priscila Sala, TorrinhasRaquel Susana Matos de MirandaRSMMLaboratório de Nutrição e Cirurgia Metabólica (LIM-35), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paul... more o, Brazil., Danielle C Fonseca, Natasha Mendonça Machado, Joelle Singer, Pierre Singer, Graziela Rosa Ravacci, Giliane Belarmino, Beatriz A M Ferreira, Mariane Marques, Robson Kiyoshi Ishida, Ismael Francisco Mota Siqueira Guarda, de MouraEduardo Guimarães HourneauxEGHHospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil., Paulo Sakai, Marco Aurélio Santo, Daniele Yumi Sunaga, Steven B Heymsfield, Daniele Pereira Dos Santos Bezerra, Maria Lúcia Corrêa-Giannella, and Dan Linetzky Waitzberg. less
Laboratório de Nutrição e Cirurgia Metabólica (LIM-35), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio ... more (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: sala.priscila@gmail.com. less