• Tolla Ndiaye, Mouhamad Sy, Amy Gaye, and Daouda Ndiaye.
• Laboratory of Parasitology/Mycology HALD, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, PO Box 5005, Dakar, Senegal.
• Afr Health Sci. 2019 Sep 1; 19 (3): 244624562446-2456.

IntroductionDespite a significant decline in Senegal, malaria remains a burden in various parts of the country. Assessment of multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection and genetic diversity of parasites population could help in monitoring of malaria control.ObjectiveTo assess genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection in P. falciparum isolates from three areas in Senegal with different malaria transmissions.Methods136 blood samples were collected from patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Pikine, Kedougou and Thies. Polymorphic loci of msp1 and 2 (Merozoite surface protein-1 and 2) genes were amplified by nested PCR.ResultsFor msp1gene, K1 allelic family was predominant with frequency of 71%. Concerning msp2 gene, IC3D7 allelic family was the most represented with frequency of 83%. Multiclonal isolates found were 36% and 31% for msp1et msp2 genes respectively. The MOI found in all areas was 2.56 and was statistically different between areas (P=0.024). Low to intermediate genetic diversity were found with heterozygosity range (He=0,394-0,637) and low genetic differentiation (Fst msp1= 0.011; Fst msp2=0.017) were observed between P. falciparum population within the country.ConclusionLow to moderate genetic diversity of P.falciparum strains and MOI disparities were found in Senegal.© 2019 Ndiaye et al.

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