• I Govender, O M Maphasha, S Rangiah, and C Steyn.
• Department of Family Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. P.O. BOX 222, MEDUNSA 0204.
• Afr Health Sci. 2019 Dec 1; 19 (4): 3200-3207.

IntroductionPneumocystis jirovecii is the causative organism of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in humans, which is more common among immunocompromised patients. Classically patients present with fever, non-productive cough, and dyspnoea. In the HIV-infected individuals the symptoms may be subtle at first, but gradually progress over several weeks. In the HIV-uninfected patient, however, the duration of symptoms is shorter and more severe, mainly due to the increased inflammatory response of the HIV-uninfected patient.MethodsThis article focuses on the diagnostic methods and then the management and prophylaxis principles of PCP by reviewing the best current practices and guidelines in Africa.ConclusionThis overview is presented by clinicians who have experience with PCP and is directed mainly at first-line healthcare providers.© 2019 Govender et al.

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