• Jun Yasuda, Tatsunosuke Gomi, Ayaka Kotemori, Yuri Yokoyama, Takahiro Yoshizaki, Azumi Hida, Yuki Tada, Yoichi Katsumata, and Yukari Kawano.
• Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Nutritional Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan.
• Nutrition. 2021 Mar 1; 83: 111088.

ObjectivesSkipping breakfast prolongs the fasting state initiated after the last meal consumed the previous day and can have negative effects on muscle protein balance. The aim of this crossover trial was to examine the effects of skipping breakfast before a single bout of resistance exercise (RE) on muscle protein breakdown (MPB), as assessed using the urinary 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio (3-MH/Cr).MethodsThirteen healthy young men, who habitually consumed breakfast (21.8 ± 1.1 y of age), were assigned to eating breakfast (EB) and skipping breakfast (SB) conditions. Participants consumed meat-free diets throughout the 5-d experiment. On day 5, individuals in the EB group consumed breakfast (497 kcal) 2.5 h before RE (75% repetition maximum), whereas those in the SB group consumed the same meal after dinner.ResultsIn the two-way analysis of variance, significant interactions were observed with blood insulin and free fatty acid levels, and the 3-MH/Cr ratio (P < 0.05). We confirmed a significantly greater decrease in the insulin level pre-RE (P < 0.001; d = 3.281), and increases in the free fatty acid level pre-RE (P < 0.001; d = 1.437) and post-RE (P = 0.013; d = 0.811) and the 3-MH/Cr ratio 6 (P < 0.001; d = 0.878) and 8 h (P < 0.001; d = 0.634) post-RE in the SB condition than in the EB condition.ConclusionEating breakfast before RE can be beneficial for MPB suppression. The importance of breakfast consumption in terms of positive muscle protein balance is emphasized on sports fields.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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