Nutrition
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Prevalence of malnutrition comparing NRS2002, MUST, and PG-SGA with the GLIM criteria in adults with cancer: A multi-center study.
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in light of the Global Leader Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in adult patients with cancer. ⋯ The NRS2002 was better correlated with the GLIM diagnostic criteria of malnutrition than the MUST. The PG-SGA was too sensitive to detect nutrition-related deteriorations, leading to a low positive predictive value in the malnutrition diagnosis. Thus, the GLIM criteria could be used to confirm the presence of malnutrition identified by the PG-SGA in adults with cancer.
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Review Meta Analysis
The impact of silymarin in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease affecting a significant proportion of the general population. Recently, randomized clinical trials have been conducted examining the efficacy of silymarin in individuals with NAFLD, with conflicting results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of silymarin in the treatment of NAFLD by examining changes in liver biochemistry, body mass index, and liver histology. ⋯ Silymarin seems to be effective in reducing transaminase levels in individuals with NAFLD. Despite the statistical benefits, we call attention to potential flaws related to the quality of the included studies. Further well-designed studies should be carried out to examine whether this reduction in transaminase levels corresponds to histologic improvement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Eating habits, sleep, and a proxy for circadian disruption are correlated with dyslipidemia in overweight night workers.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between proxy for circadian disruption, eating habits, sleep characteristics, and dyslipidemic parameters. ⋯ Short duration of nighttime sleep and high social jetlag are risk factors for dyslipidemia, whereas the late type and the longer time interval between the last meal and sleep onset appear to be protective factors for dyslipidemia.
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Observational Study
Effects of malnutrition on long-term survival in adult patients after elective cardiac surgery.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between malnutrition and long-term survival in patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ Preoperative malnutrition is not associated with 8-y mortality in a mixed cardiac surgery cohort. However, it may be associated with worse 3-y outcomes in patients with heart valve disease.
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Sarcopenic dysphagia is partly characterized by a decline in the strength of the swallowing muscles. However, its associated characteristics and symptoms are unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics and symptoms of swallowing ability associated with low tongue muscle strength, which is one of the swallowing muscles in older adults. ⋯ Patients with low tongue strength are characterized by abnormal oral and cough-related characteristics.