• Abdul Moeez Kaiser Butt, Shahid Sarwar, and Muhammad Arif Nadeem.
• Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2021 Feb 1; 31 (2): 128-131.

ObjectiveTo compare concomitant therapy (CT) and triple therapy (TRT) for success in helicobacter (H.) pylori eradication and identify factors associated with treatment failure.Study DesignQuasi-experimental comparative study.Place And Duration Of StudyDepartment of Medicine and Gastroenterology, Services Institute of Medical Sciences from December 2018 till July 2019.MethodologyPatients with H. pylori infection were randomly assigned to receive two weeks of either CT or TRT. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by repeat biopsy four weeks post-treatment. Treatment outcome was compared using Chi-square test, while binary logistic regression identified predictors of treatment failure.ResultsTwo hundred and eleven patients with H. pylori infection, having mean age 40.15 (±13.04) and male/female ratio 0.9/1 (100/111) after randomisation, were treated with CT in 105 patients (49.8%) and TRT in 106 patients (50.2%). H. pylori was eradicated in 84.3% (150/178) patients with completed follow-up. H. pylori eradication was achieved in 91.9% of CT group as compared to 77.2% in TRT group (p = 0.007, OR 3.38: 95% CI 1.3-8.3). Age ≥40 years (p = 0.02), symptoms duration >6 months (p = 0.001), and prior proton pump inhibitor use for >4 weeks (p = 0.01), were identified as independent predictors of treatment failure.ConclusionCT achieves better H. pylori eradication than TRT. Older age, longer duration of illness, and previous proton pump inhibitor use were independent predictors of H. pylori treatment failure. Key Words: Concomitant therapy, Eradication, H. pylori, Triple therapy.

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