• S A Raeissadat, S Shahraeeni, L Sedighipour, and B Vahdatpour.
• Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Clinical research development center of Shahid Modarres hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
• Acta Neurol. Scand. 2017 Oct 1; 136 (4): 365-371.

ObjectivesA number of studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of progesterone and its influence on the recovery after neural injury. Few studies investigated the efficacy of local progesterone in carpal tunnel syndrome. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term effects of progesterone vs corticosteroid local injections in patients with mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome.MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 78 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome were assigned to two groups. Patients were treated with a single local injection of triamcinolone acetonide in one group and single local injection of hydroxy progesterone in the other group. Variables including pain (based on visual analogue scale), symptom severity, and functional status (based on Bostone/Levine symptom severity and functional status scale) and nerve conduction study were evaluated before and 6 months after the treatments.ResultsAll outcome measures including pain and electrophysiologic findings, improved in both groups and there were no meaningful differences between two groups regarding mentioned variables except for functional outcome, which was significantly better in progesterone compared with corticosteroid group at 6-month follow-up (P=.04).ConclusionsThe efficacy of progesterone local injection in mild and moderate CTS is equal and somehow superior to corticosteroid injection for relieving symptoms and improving functional and electrophysiologic findings at long-term follow-up.© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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