• Xin Li, Yi Xie, Yongmei Wang, Junping Wu, Xin Sun, and Qi Wu.
• Department of Pathology, TCM Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2021 Jul 1; 31 (7): 829832829-832.

ObjectivesTo compare the DNA-based sputum evaluation with histopathology for the diagnosis of tracheo-bronchial tuberculosis (TBTB).Study DesignCase series.   Place and Duration of Study: Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, China, from January to June 2017.MethodologyTBTB patients, who underwent bronchoscopy during the study period, were included. Their bronchoscopy presentations, histopathology, and induced sputum deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and culture results were analysed. Results were expressed as frequency percentage.ResultsThere were 110 subjects. Most patients were young females with coughing. The main TBTB subtype was fibrostenotic, while the most common findings were single level lesions and lobar bronchi. The diagnostic rates were 40.43%, 67.86%, and 68.54% for DNA-based analysis of induced sputum, histopathology, and induced sputum culture, respectively. Only in the edematous-hyperemic subtype was the positivity rate of DNA-based analysis of induced sputum higher than in histopathology. In the fibrostenotic subtype, the histopathologic results were superior for diagnosis.ConclusionA combination of induced sputum and biopsy using DNA-based methods is a superior and exact method to diagnose TBTB. DNA-based analysis of induced sputum for mycobacterium tuberculosis can be used for preliminary impressions. Key Words: Tracheo-bronchial tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pathology, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Sputum.

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