• Nutrition · Nov 2021

    Review

    Meal timing and frequency implications in the development and prognosis of chronic kidney disease.

    • Nara Aline Costa, Amanda Gomes Pereira, DornaMariana de SouzaMSDepartment of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil., Hellen Christina Neves Rodrigues, Paula Schmidt Azevedo, Sergio Alberto Rupp Paiva, Bertha Furlan Polegato, André Luís Balbi, Leonardo Antônio Mamede Zornoff, Daniela Ponce, and Marcos Ferreira Minicucci.
    • Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil. Electronic address: naracosta@ufg.br.
    • Nutrition. 2021 Nov 1; 91-92: 111427.

    AbstractPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher risk of death than the general population, the main cause being cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nutrition plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of CVD and kidney diseases. Currently, new evidence reinforces the importance of specific foods and general dietary patterns rather than isolated nutrients for cardiovascular risk. In addition, dietary patterns and healthy eating habits seem extremely relevant in decreasing risk factors. Epidemiologic and clinical intervention studies have suggested that late-night dinner and skipping breakfast are associated with an increased risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and CVD. In CKD, despite important changes in nutritional counseling in recent decades, less attention has been paid to meal timing and frequency. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the evidence of meal timing and frequency in CKD development and prognosis, presented under three main topics: risk of developing CKD, importance of dietary habits, and implications of fasting.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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