• Olajumoke Morenikeji, Junaid Quazim, Claire Omoregie, Adesola Hassan, Roseangela Nwuba, Chiaka Anumudu, Sunday Adejuwon, Oyetunde Salawu, Ayodele Jegede, and Alexander Odaibo.
• Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
• Afr Health Sci. 2014 Jun 1; 14 (2): 390396390-6.

BackgroundRapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary for the management of schistosomiasis in endemic areas.ObjectiveTo assess the burden of urogenital schistosomiasis and the diagnostic efficiency of morbidity indicators of the disease in an endemic rural community of Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional school-based study was conducted. Urine samples of 487 pupils were screened microscopically for S. haematobium and tested for haematuria and proteinuria using chemical reagent strips.ResultsThe prevalence and intensity of infection were 57.1% and 45.0 eggs/10 mL urine respectively. Prevalence of infection in male (54.1%) and female (60.3%) individuals showed no significant variation (P>0.05). However, prevalence of infection was age dependent with those in age groups 3-5 and 12-14 years having the least and highest prevalence of infection respectively (P<0.05). Microhaematuria and proteinuria varied significantly with ages of the pupils with least (14.0, 40.0%) and highest (60.0, 80.0%) prevalence recorded in age groups 3-5 and 15-19 years respectively (P<0.05). Proteinuria showed higher sensitivity (80.3%) compared to microhaematuria (73.3%).ConclusionSchistosomiasis is highly endemic in the study area and the use of microhaematuria and proteinuria for mapping the infected population prior treatment could be adopted.

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