• Eudoxia Sousa de Alencar, Lia Sara Dos Santos Muniz, Júlia Luisa Gomes Holanda, Breno Douglas Dantas Oliveira, Marcelo Costa Freire de Carvalho, Alessandra Marjorye Maia Leitão, Maria Isabel de Alencar Cavalcante, Rayanne Cristina Pontes de Oliveira, SilvaCarlos Antônio Bruno daCABDPostgraduate Program in Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil., and CariocaAntonio Augusto FerreiraAAFPostgraduate Program in Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address: carioca@unifor.br..
• Health Science Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
• Nutrition. 2022 Feb 1; 94: 111512111512.

ObjectivesNutrition has become an important component in treating individuals during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is increasingly affecting the world population and causing a collapse in health services. Prolonged hospitalization, including immobilization and catabolism, induces a decrease in body weight and muscle mass that may result in sarcopenia, a condition that impairs respiratory and cardiac function and worsens the prognosis. The present study aimed to analyze enteral nutritional support and the clinical evolution of patients admitted with COVID-19 in Brazil.MethodsThis was a retrospective study, conducted from March to May 2020, of patients admitted to a referral hospital in cardiology and pulmonology in Fortaleza-Ce/Brazil. Two hundred patients infected with COVID-19 were selected for the study. Sociodemographic, clinical, and nutritional data were collected from electronic medical records, and associations between outcomes and the use of the prone body position with nutritional variables were analyzed by linear regression. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval estimates for the death outcome were analyzed by logistic regression.ResultsOf the 112 patients who were fed by enterally, the majority were male (n = 61; 54.5%), elderly (n = 88; 78.6%), and with no current smoking habit (n = 81; 72.3%). The median hospital stay was 14 d, mostly in intensive care units (median: 9 d). Prone body positioning impacted the nutritional therapy. In general, patients who maintained a prone body position tested lower for kcal/kg of body weight, protein/kg of body weight, percentage of diet adequacy, and total caloric value. In addition, patients who died had a lower mean maximum kcal/kg body weight, protein/kg body weight, percentage of diet adequacy, and total caloric value compared with surviving patients.ConclusionsAn association between inadequacies in protein and energy supply with mortality was confirmed, suggesting that nutritional support optimization should be prescribed in such situations.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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