• Nutrition · Apr 2022

    Metabolically unhealthy and overweight phenotypes are associated with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines: a population-based study.

    • Fabrícia Geralda Ferreira, Luiza Kuhnen Reitz, Aline Valmorbida, Papini GabiattiMarianaMUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Nutrição, Santa Catarina, Brasil., Fernanda Hansen, Faria Di PietroPatríciaPUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Nutrição, Santa Catarina, Brasil., Licursi de OliveiraLeandroLUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Minas Gerais, Brasil., Erasmo Benício Santos de Moraes Trindade, and Zarbato LongoGianaGUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Nutrição, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Electronic address: giana.zarbato@gmail.com..
    • Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Ar, Seção de Educação Física, Minas Gerais, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desempenho Humano Operacional, UNIFA, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
    • Nutrition. 2022 Apr 1; 96: 111590.

    ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the association between cytokine levels in metabolic phenotypes. Our hypothesis was that an unhealthy metabolic profile is associated to higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines.MethodsThe study sample was composed of 743 Brazilian adults classified in four phenotypes: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW), and metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW). Sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters were collected. Six different cytokines were analyzed from blood samples using the CBA Human Inflammatory cytokines kit and the values divided in quartiles for analysis. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association between metabolic phenotypes and cytokines concentrations, adjusted for potential confounders and P < 0.05 was used.ResultsThe MUOW phenotype showed a higher risk for increased levels of all cytokines analyzed compared with the reference group (MHNW).ConclusionsThese results indicated that excess weight and altered metabolic profile are related to inflammation, especially when both conditions are associated, possibly linked to visceral adiposity. Therefore, the categorization of metabolic phenotypes in populations is an important factor for prevention of chronic diseases, as inflammation is associated with cardiovascular risk and obesity is not the only influencing factor.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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