• Nutrition · Apr 2022

    Galactooligosaccharides and 2'-fucosyllactose can directly suppress growth of specific pathogenic microbes and affect phagocytosis of neutrophils.

    • Esmaeil Mortaz, Masoumeh Nomani, Ian Adcock, Gert Folkerts, and Johan Garssen.
    • Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: emortaz@gmail.com.
    • Nutrition. 2022 Apr 1; 96: 111601.

    ObjectivesNon-digestible oligosaccharides such as milk oligosaccharides (MOS) can regulate and influence immune function. As an example, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL; a specific human MOS) regulate immune development and functionality. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), both serious pathogens, can cause severe and life-threatening infections. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of GOS and 2'-FL on bacterial growth and on polymorphonuclear (PMN) phagocytosis.MethodsPMNs were isolated from heparinized whole human blood before treatment/incubation with GOS (0.0625-10%), 2'-FL (0.5-2.5%) and/or GOS combined with 2'-FL (GOS 10%/2'-FL 2.5%; GOS 0.0625%/2'-FL 0.5%) and incubation with green florescent protein (GFP)-labeled SA or PA for 60 h. GFP-relative fluorescent units (GFP-RFU) was measured ≤60 h using a plate reader. Bacterial lag time was determined by the time to onset of exponential bacterial fluorescence/growth alone or after co-culture of bacteria and PMN. Viable bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) were determined after 60 h.ResultsSA and PA growth lag time was suppressed by co-incubation with GOS in a concentration-dependent manner. This was significant for both SA and PA at concentrations >2.5% GOS (P ≤ 0.05 for both SA and PA) but only for SA at 1% GOS (P ≤ 0.05). 1.5% 2'-FL significantly suppressed the lag time of SA growth (P ≤ 0.05) and was effective against SA and PA at 2.5% (P ≤ 0.01 and P ≤ 0.01, respectively). GOS (10%, 5%) and 2.5% 2'-FL significantly decreased SA and PA bacterial growth/CFUs (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe data suggests that both GOS and 2'-FL can suppress growth of serious pathogens and enhance phagocytosis.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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