• Ahmed Tabbabi, Ali Laamari, Raja Ben Cheikh, Ibtissem Ben Jha, Jabeur Daaboub, and Hassen Ben Cheikh.
• Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
• Afr Health Sci. 2018 Dec 1; 18 (4): 1175-1181.

BackgroundCulex pipiens pipiens is an important vector of human diseases.ObjectiveTo determine the insecticide resistance development in Culex pipiens pipiens against selection pressure of temephos..MethodsA field population of Culex pipiens pipiens was collected from Northwestern Tunisia with a medium level of temephos resistance (LC50 = 0.0069). It was subjected to six generations of temephos pressure selection to evaluate its relationship to cross-resistance towards organophosphates (OPs) and pyrethroids (PYR) insecticides.ResultsThe selection was initiated at the dose 0.0266, 0.0748 and 0.0069 which were increased during successive generations up to 0.1488, 3.8747 and 0.0086 after sixth generation for temephos, chlorpyrifos and permethrin insecticides, respectively. It is important to noted that high cross-resistance to chlorpyrifos insecticide (OP) was detected (51.88×). However, little or no cross-resistance to the pyrethroid permethrin (PYR) was recorded (1.24×). Contrary to metabolic resistance, it seemed that acetylcholinesterases AChE 1 was fixed under pressure selection.ConclusionThe high cross-resistance to temephos and chlorpyrifos is reasonable because they belong to the same class of insecticide (OP). However, the little cross-resistance to the pyrethroid permethrin could support its use alternately for Culex pipiens pipiens control.

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