• Aziza Messaoudi, Wejdène Mansour, Nedia Jaidane, Chrifa Chaouch, Noureddine Boujaâfar, and Olfa Bouallègue.
• Research Unit: Emergent Bacterial Resistance and Safety of Care (UR12SP37), Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia.
• Afr Health Sci. 2019 Jun 1; 19 (2): 2008-2020.

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of ESBL producing and carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from in-come and out-come patients at Sahloul-university hospital.MethodsA retrospective study over a 3 years period (January 2012 and December 2014) focused on 2160 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS program. ESBL detection was performed using a double disc diffusion method and carbapenemase detection was realized by Rosco-Disk kit.ResultsA total of 2160 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated during the period of the study, 26.2% (n=566) were ESBL-producers and 15.8% (n=342) showed resistance to carbapenem. The wards most affected by these strains were basically urology and intensive care units. Eighty four percent of studied strains (203/241) were resistant to temocillin, which correlate with the production of a class D (OXA-48-like) carbapenemase and 7% (17/241) showed sensitivity to EDTA and dipicolinic acid, which indicate the production of metallo-enzyme. The rate of resistance to colistin remains low.ConclusionResistance of Enterobacteriaceae, including K. pneumoniae, to third generation cephalosporins (3rd GC) and carbapenem through the mechanism of ESBL and carbapenemases production is becoming increasingly worrying. This suggests a more rational use of antibiotics, as well as the rigorous application of hygiene measurement.© 2019 Messaoudi et al.

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