African health sciences
-
African health sciences · Jun 2019
Prevalence of infectious multi-drug resistant bacteria isolated from immunocompromised patients in Tunisia.
A retrospective study was conducted in the Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia during a period of 10 years (from 2002 to 2011) in order to report the prevalence of infectious multi-drug resistant bacteria. ⋯ These findings may have important clinical implications in prophylaxis and selection of antibiotic treatment. Continuous surveillance is needed, especially for onco-hematological patients.
-
African health sciences · Jun 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialAerobic exercise modulates cytokine profile and sleep quality in elderly.
Sleep disturbance is a major problem for older adults which can be exacerbated by increased inflammation as aging is associated with increased circulating pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines. There is a need to develop alternative medicine techniques to help improve sleep quality in the elderly. ⋯ Exercise training can be considered as a non-pharmacological modality for modifying sleep quality and inflammation among elderly.
-
African health sciences · Jun 2019
Patterns of paediatric emergency admissions and predictors of prolonged hospital stay at the children emergency room, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
There is a high prevalence of paediatric emergency cases in less developed countries. However, prolonged hospital stay at emergency units may further overstretch the facilities. ⋯ Prevention and proper management of Sickle cell disease and malaria reduces paediatric hospital stay in our environment. Paediatric emergency medicine should be re-organized to cater for high volume of off-hour admissions.
-
African health sciences · Jun 2019
Bacterial etiology in early re-admission patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Repeatedly hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are often exposed to more antibiotics, but the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in these patients is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria infection in early re-admission patients with AECOPD. ⋯ Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) and enterobacteria were the predominant bacteria in early readmission patients with AECOPD. The detection rate of MDR bacteria was high which was related to the use of antibiotics within 2 weeks before admission in these patients.
-
African health sciences · Jun 2019
Stability of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine after exposure to different temperatures observed in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Rotavirus infection and its associated hospitalization of children less than 5 years old in middle- and low-income countries remains a public health challenge. We hypothesized that the Rotarix®potency is affected by non-optimal temperatures which translates into reduced vaccine effectiveness in these settings. ⋯ This study revealed that the Rotarix® vaccine remains potent even after exposure to non-optimal temperatures. However, this study only explored the effect of a constant 'adverse' temperature on vaccine potency and not the effect of temperature fluctuations.