• Olivia Di Vincenzo, Maurizio Marra, Valentina Antognozzi, Rosa Sammarco, Giada Ballarin, Iolanda Cioffi, Luca Scalfi, and Fabrizio Pasanisi.
• Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: olivia.divincenzo@unina.it.
• Nutrition. 2023 Apr 1; 108: 111960111960.

ObjectiveObesity is characterized not only by an increase of fat mass but also by alterations in skeletal muscle. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle (PhA) may provide specific information on the inherent characteristics of fat-free mass, and is widely used as an index of poor nutritional status. The aim of this study was to describe whether and to what extent PhA varies depending on age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) in individuals with different weight status.MethodsWe selected 1877 participants for this retrospective study (two weight status groups): 983 individuals with obesity (age 40 ± 13.9 y; BMI 39.5 ± 7.2 kg/m²) and 894 controls (age 40 ± 13.3 y; BMI 24.6 ± 2.7 kg/m²). Anthropometry and PhA at 50 kHz for the whole body were performed in all participants.ResultsPhA was greater in men than in women, although a decline of PhA was observed with age, which was linear in women and occurred in men after 40 y of age. On the other hand, no significant differences were observed with increasing BMI in either sex; lower values might be observed when BMI >50 kg/m².ConclusionsA more detailed appraisal of BIA-derived PhA in obesity is reported in the present study, providing basic data that might be taken into consideration in prevention and clinical nutrition. Further studies are needed to explore differences of PhA in individuals with different weight status.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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