• Nazik Elmalaika Husain, Ihsan Mohamed Osman, Ahmed Khalid, Ali Abdel Satir, Robert Stoehr, and Abbas Agaimy.
• Department of Pathology, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan, nazikhusain@gmail.com.
• Afr Health Sci. 2023 Mar 1; 23 (1): 444458444-458.

BackgroundDetermining the risk of malignant behaviour and mutational status of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) guide the management decision and allow optimal individualized patient treatment.ObjectivesTo determine clinicopathological, immunohistochemical (IHC), risk and KIT mutational findings of GISTs in Sudanese patients.MethodsHistological slides were reviewed, IHC for DOG-1 and CD117 performed and hotspot KIT mutations examined. The risk group was assigned using combined risk criteria.Results21 of the 36 patients (58.3%) were males (mean age, 54.83 ±12.57; range, 26-71). Abdominal pain and mass were the most frequent symptoms. Mean tumor size (±SD) was 11.6(±5.82) cm. Either CD117, DOG1 or both were positive in all cases. Using risk criteria, 33.3% (n=12) were clinically malignant at presentation, 13.9% (n=5) high risk, 16.7% (n=6) intermediate, 27.8% (n=10) low risk and 2.8% (n=1) very low risk. Sixteen of 23 (70%) tested cases had KIT (14 exon 11 and two exon 9) mutations. Six tumors were wild type. Exon 11 deletions (p.I563-L576 del and p.V559-N566delinsD) significantly correlate with disease recurrence (p-value: 0.028).ConclusionsSudanese patients with GIST tend to present late. Nearly half of them correspond to the malignant/high-risk category. The frequency of KIT mutations (79.31%) is in line with the literature.© 2023 Husain NE et al.

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