• Mohmmed Awadh, Aysha Darwish, Huda Alqatari, Fatema M Buzaid, and Abdulla Darwish.
• From the Department of Pathology (Awadh), from the Department of Pathology (Darwish), and from the Department of Training (Buzaid), Crown Prince Centre for Training and Medical Research, Bahrain Defense Force Royal Medical Services; from the Department of Surgery (Darwish, Alqatari), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Medical University of Bahrain, Albussatun, Bahrain.
• Saudi Med J. 2023 Dec 1; 44 (12): 130013091300-1309.

ObjectivesTo describe the increasing number of gastric cancer cases at Bahrain Defense Force Hospital with implementation of immunohistochemistry markers as prognostic factors.MethodsThis study included histologically confirmed malignant gastric tumors diagnosed at Bahrain Defense Force Hospital from January 2009 to June 2019. Various epidemiological and pathological data were abstracted and recorded with immunohistochemical analysis of the proliferation marker Ki67 and cell-cycle regulator p53 as prognostic factors.ResultsA total of 53 patients with gastric cancer were included in the study, with mean age of 59.75 ± 12.9 years. The typical histological types were signet ring cell adenocarcinoma (68%) and intestinal type adenocarcinoma (17%). Helicobacter pylori and intestinal metaplasia were significantly associated with gastric cancer (p<0.01). The studied population's mortality was 39 (74%). The Ki67 proliferation index showed a mean and standard deviation of 67.09 ± 16.338, with a higher mortality rate in patients with low Ki67 but no difference in survival time. No statistically significant association was found between clinicopathological findings with p53 immunostaining positivity.ConclusionThe common gastric cancers are signet ring cell adenocarcinoma and intestinal type adenocarcinoma, affecting a wide range of age groups (33-91 years), with those over 60 years at greater risk. Interestingly, low Ki67 is associated with a higher mortality rate, whereas p53 has no prognostic significance. Expression of both Ki67 and p53 showed no association with survival time.Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.

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