• Saudi Med J · Jan 2024

    Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia following the implementation of end tuberculosis strategy: Analysis of the surveillance data 2015-2019.

    • Maha M Alawi, Haleema A Alserehi, Ahmed O Ali, Abeer M Albalawi, Mashael K Alanizi, Fatima M Nabet, Modhi A Alkamaly, Abdullah M Assiri, Hani Jokhdar, Mohammed O Qutub, Moahmmed A Khoja, Esam I Azhar, Wael A Taskandi, Annes A Sindi, and Muhammad Yasir.
    • From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
    • Saudi Med J. 2024 Jan 1; 45 (1): 606860-68.

    ObjectivesTo analyze the evolution of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology in Saudi Arabia in the 5 years following the implementation of the end-TB Strategy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of surveillance data, reported by the national tuberculosis control program from 2015-2019, was carried out. The annual incidence and the percentage of yearly changes were calculated and compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) milestones, which anticipate a 4-5% annual decline. Additionally, various other epidemiological indicators of TB were examined.ResultsThe national TB incidence declined from 10.55% per 100,000 in 2015 to 8.76% per 100,000 in 2019, aligning with the WHO's 2019 milestone estimated between 8.59-8.96% per 100,000. While Makkah Region (40.3%) and Riyadh (24.6%) accounted for the majority of cases, Jazan region consistently exhibited the highest incidence throughout the study period. Demographic features shifted towards a younger age category, male, and native dominance. There was a consistent decrease in resistance and intermediate sensitivity to all first-line anti-TB drugs, associated with a substantial decrease in both polydrug resistance (from 4.7-1.9%; p<0.001) and multidrug resistance (from 4.4-2.4%; p=0.008).ConclusionThe figures of TB incidence TB in Saudi Arabia between 2015-2019 has met the WHO end-TB milestones, predicting successful progress toward the 2035 goal.Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.

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